A former Cistercian monk, Jacques Fournier became Benedict XII in 1334. His pontificate marked a decisive stage in the papacy’s establishment in Avignon through the building of the Old Palace.
Jacques Fournier, elected in 1334
Portrait of Benedict XII by Henri Serrur — Palais des Papes, AvignonJacques Fournier was elected on 20 December 1334 after the death of John XXII. His Cistercian background influenced his government of the Church. His commitment to discipline and reform contrasted with the splendour that would characterise his successor’s court.
The builder of the Old Palace
From 1335, Benedict XII had the part of the Palais des Papes known as the Old Palace built. Arranged around a cloister, it combined the roles of residence, administrative centre and fortress. Its towers and austere façades gave the papal presence a monumental form within the city.
Benedict XII’s Old Palace in Avignon — © Vincent Flachaire
Benedict XII’s tomb in Notre-Dame des Doms Cathedral — © Vincent Flachaire
Reform and his legacy in Avignon
His pontificate included efforts to reform the curia and religious orders. Conditions in Italy made a lasting return to Rome difficult, while tensions between France and England intensified. Benedict XII died in 1342. His tomb is in Notre-Dame des Doms Cathedral, beside the palace.
Continue with the Palais des Papes and the history of the Avignon papacy.